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Lauhajang UpazilaOtherLauhajang Upazila: History, Tradition and Present of the Padma-Riverside Town ========================= Lauhjang is a traditional upazila in the southwestern part of Munshiganj district. The flow of the Padma River, river erosion, agriculture, trade and commerce, education, the history of the Liberation War and the ancient cultural heritage of Bikrampur—all together, Lauhajang is an important riverside town of Bangladesh. Administratively, it is part of Munshiganj district and geographically, its life and economy are deeply related to the river and agriculture as it is on the banks of the Padma. Geographical identity Lauhjang upazila has an area of about 131.10 square kilometers. It is bordered by Srinagar and Sirajdikhan upazilas to the north, Jajira upazila of Shariatpur to the south, Tongibari to the east and Shibchar upazila to the west. The main river of the upazila is the Padma. The flow, char area and erosion of the river have long played an important role in the geography and lifestyle of Lauhajang. Administrative history Lauhjang Thana was established in 1916. Later, when the upazila system was introduced in Bangladesh, it was established as Lauhjang Upazila in 1983. Currently, the upazila has 10 unions. These are— 1. Kanaksar 2. Kalma 3. Kumarbhog 4. Khidirpara 5. Gaondia 6. Bejgaon 7. Baultali 8. Medinimandal 9. Lauhjang-Teutia 10. Haldia. Population According to the 2011 census-based data of Bangladesh, the total population of Lauhjang Upazila was about 1,59,242. Out of which, 79,247 were males and 79,995 were females. According to the same data, people of different religions including Muslims, Hindus, Buddhists and Christians live in the upazila. The current population has definitely changed compared to 2011; therefore, it would be more reliable to determine the new population using the latest census data. Historical relationship between Lauhajang and Bikrampur Lauhjang is an important part of the historical territory of greater Bikrampur. In ancient and medieval times, Bikrampur was one of the most important political, cultural and religious centers of Bengal. The name of Bikrampur is deeply associated with the history of the Pala and Sena eras. Ancient settlements, old mosques and temples, landlord houses, dugis, educational institutions and folk traditions in various villages and towns of Lauhajang still bear witness to the long history of Bikrampur. For this reason, if Lauhajang is viewed only as an administrative upazila, a large part of its historical importance is omitted. It is an important part of the continuity of rivers, towns, agriculture and culture of greater Bikrampur. Padma River and Lauhajang To understand the history of Lauhajang, one must understand the Padma River. On the one hand, the Padma has blessed the agriculture and communication of this town, but on the other hand, it has disrupted the lives of many settlements, lands and people through river erosion. The geography of Louhjang has changed repeatedly due to the change in the course of the Padma, the emergence of chars, river erosion and the creation of new land. As a result, the location of many villages here, the history of settlements and land boundaries are also related to the course of the river. This river has historically connected Louhjang with Shariatpur, Madaripur and other areas of Munshiganj. Louhjang in the Liberation War The people of Louhjang played an important role in the great liberation war of 1971. During the liberation war, local freedom fighters conducted various operations against the Pakistani forces and their collaborators. Notable incidents include the operation of freedom fighters on Louhjang police station on the late night of 14 August 1971. The freedom fighters attacked the police station, seized a large amount of arms and ammunition and set the police station on fire. On 25 October, a battle took place between freedom fighters and Pakistani forces in the village of Dakshin Paiksha. Banglapedia mentions that five Pakistani soldiers were killed and seven enemy boats were destroyed in that war. In November, freedom fighters launched a surprise attack on the Pakistani forces in the Srinagar-Louhjang canal. Finally, on November 30, 1971, Louhjang was liberated. Therefore, the history of the Liberation War of Louhjang is an important local chapter in the history of Bangladesh's independence. Education and Louhjang Louhjang has a long tradition in the field of education. Several educational institutions in the upazila are close to or have crossed the centenary. Notable institutions include— Louhjang Pilot High School — 1885 Baultali Primary School — 1870 Kalma Primary School — 1885 Kazirgaon Primary School — 1895 Kazir Pagla A.T. Institution — 1901 Kalma L.K. High School — 1901 Brahmangaon Multipurpose High School — 1902 Haldia High School — 1919 Louhjang Pilot Girls High School — 1943. Especially Brahmangaon Multipurpose High School is a significant institution in the educational history of Louhjang. Established in 1902, this school has been playing a role in the expansion of education in the area for more than a century. Agriculture and Economy Agriculture is of great importance in the economy of Louhjang. The main agricultural products include— Paddy Potato Jute Mustard Wheat Chickpea Peas Tilseed Corn Coriander Pepper. The fertile alluvial soil of this region is suitable for agriculture. Potato and jute in particular are among the important agricultural products here. However, the economy of Louhjang is not only dependent on agriculture. Trade, transport, services, construction and various small and cottage industries also contribute to the local economy. According to Banglapedia, agriculture and trade are the two main sources of income here. Cottage industries and folk traditions There is a long history of traditional cottage industries in the rural society of Louhjang. Once upon a time, goldsmiths, blacksmiths, weavers, potters, copper and brass work, woodwork, bamboo and rattan work, and embroidery were notable. These industries are not only economic activities; they are also part of the folk culture of Louhjang. Although many traditional professions have disappeared or shrunk due to modern industry and market systems, these industries are important in preserving local history. Hats and markets and trade The role of haats and markets in the rural economy of Louhjang is historical. Notable markets and markets include— Gaondia Bazar, Kalma Bazar, Dighali Haat, Kanaksar Haat, etc. Apart from this, local fairs and religious-cultural events are also held in various villages. Agricultural products, especially potatoes and jute, go from local markets to larger commercial centers. Religious and archaeological heritage Louhjang has many old mosques, temples and religious structures. Notable structures include— Almanida Jame Mosque Sujnagar Jame Mosque Ghordaur Jame Mosque Satgharia Mosque Society Jame Mosque Hat Bhogdia Jame Mosque Mali Anka Jame Mosque Bezgaon Kali Temple Kanaksar Durga Temple Kadam Shah's Shrine. These structures are indicative of the multifaceted religious and cultural heritage of Louhjang. Communication Louhjang is historically a river-dependent town. Once, boats were the main means of communication through the Padma and local rivers and canals. Road communication has also expanded considerably. According to Banglapedia, there are three types of roads in the upazila—paved, semi-paved and unpaved—and there are also waterways. After the opening of the Padma Bridge, the importance of communication between the southern and southwestern regions of the country, including Munshiganj, and Louhajang has increased. As a result, new possibilities have been created in the fields of trade, tourism, education and employment. Health and Social Development Louhajang has an upazila health complex, satellite health center, family planning center, diagnostic center and clinic. Strengthening rural healthcare, rehabilitation of people prone to river erosion, safe water and improved sanitation are important issues for the social development of the upazila. Natural Disasters and River Erosion River erosion is a long-standing reality in the lives of the people of Louhajang. Being located on the banks of the Padma, settlements, agricultural land and communication systems have been at risk of river erosion at various times. In addition, cyclones and natural disasters have also affected the lives and wealth of the people of this region. Banglapedia mentions that the terrible cyclone of April 9, 1995 caused extensive damage to the settlements, crops and wealth of Paisha village in Baultali Union. Cultural Features of Lauhajang The culture of Lauhajang is mainly based on rivers, agriculture, rural life, the traditions of Bikrampur, and religious and social festivals. Folk songs, folk songs, fairs, boat trips, rural sports, handicrafts, pithapuli, and various religious festivals have enriched the culture here. Once upon a time, traditional vehicles like palanquins and horse-drawn carriages were also common; these are now almost extinct due to modern communication systems. Lauhajang: Past, Present, and Future Lauhajang can be easily identified through three characteristics— One. It is the traditional town of ancient Bikrampur. Two. It is a riverine region built around the Padma River. Three. It is an upazila rich in education, agriculture, business, and the history of the Liberation War. The greatest asset of Lauhajang is not just its land or rivers—its people, history, educational traditions, rural culture, and century-old institutions. If a complete "Louhajang History and Heritage" collection is created, especially on the centenary schools of Lohajang, old mosques and temples, the history of landlords and noble families, the monuments of the Liberation War, and the Padma-dependent public life, it can be very valuable in the study of the history of greater Bikrampur. References: Banglapedia, data based on the 2011 census of the Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics, and Banglapedia's Lohajang Upazila article.
Visit Website(opens in a new tab)- Bangladesh Technical Education Board—Syllabus, Course Structure and RegulationsOther
Bangladesh Technical Education Board—Syllabus, Course Structure and Regulations
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